How to maintain the excavator? How to remove dirt from excavator mailbox

An excavator is a mechanical device that uses a bucket to excavate materials above or below the bearing surface, and loads them into transport vehicles or unloads them to the stockyard. Due to the workload of the excavator and the high work intensity, it is necessary to pay attention to maintenance at ordinary times. Inspection work in daily life is an important link to ensure that the hydraulic excavator can maintain efficient operation for a long time, including appearance, mechanical chassis, slewing bearings and other parts. Next, let's learn about it with the editor.

1. Daily maintenance

1. First, turn around the machine twice to check the appearance and whether there is any abnormality in the mechanical chassis, and whether there is grease flowing out of the slewing bearing, and then check the deceleration brake device and the bolt fasteners of the track. If it is a wheeled excavator, it is necessary to check whether the tires are abnormal and the stability of the air pressure.

2. Check whether the bucket teeth of the excavator are greatly worn. The wear of the bucket teeth will greatly increase the resistance during the construction process, which will seriously affect the work efficiency and increase the wear of equipment parts.

3. Check whether there are cracks or oil leakage in the stick and oil cylinder. Check battery electrolyte, avoid below low level line.

4. The air filter is an important part to prevent a large amount of dusty air from entering the excavator. It should be checked and cleaned frequently, and replaced in time if any failure occurs.

5. Check whether fuel, lubricating oil, hydraulic oil, coolant, etc. need to be added, and select oil according to the requirements of the manual, and keep it clean.

6. Check the front window washer fluid level, check and adjust the air conditioner, and clean the cab floor.

7. When cleaning the inside of the cooling system, after the engine is fully cooled, slowly loosen the water inlet cover to release the internal pressure of the water tank, and then release the water. Do not clean when the engine is working, the high-speed rotating fan will cause danger, when cleaning or When changing the coolant, the machine should be parked on a level surface.

2. Regular maintenance

1. After the new engine has been working for 250 hours, the fuel filter element and additional fuel filter element should be replaced, and the clearance of the engine valve should be checked.

2. Maintenance items every 100 hours

Boom cylinder head pin, boom foot pin, boom cylinder rod end, stick cylinder head pin, boom, stick connecting pin, stick cylinder rod end, bucket cylinder head pin , half-rod connecting rod connecting pin, stick, bucket cylinder cylinder rod end, bucket cylinder cylinder head pin, arm connecting rod connecting pin, check the oil level in the slewing mechanism box (add oil), check the oil level from the fuel tank Drain water and sediment.

3. Maintenance items every 250H

Check the oil level in the final drive box (add gear oil), check the battery electrolyte, change the oil in the engine oil pan, replace the engine filter element, lubricate the slewing ring (2 places), check the tension of the fan belt, and check Adjust the tension of the air conditioner compressor belt.

4. Every 500H maintenance items

Carry out every 100 and 250H maintenance items at the same time, replace the fuel filter, check the height of the rotary pinion grease (add grease), check and clean the radiator fins, oil cooler fins and cooler fins, replace the hydraulic oil Filter elements, replace the oil in the final drive box (only at 500H for the first time, and once every 1000H thereafter), clean the air filter elements inside and outside the air conditioner system, and replace the hydraulic oil vent filter elements.

5. Maintenance items every 1000H

At the same time, carry out every 100, 250 and 500H maintenance items, replace the oil in the slewing mechanism box, check the oil level of the shock absorber housing (back to the engine oil), check all the fasteners of the turbocharger, and check the turbocharger rotor Check and replace the tension of the generator belt, replace the anti-corrosion filter element, and replace the oil in the final drive box.

6. Maintenance items every 2000H

First complete the maintenance items every 100, 250, 500 and 1000H, clean the filter screen of the hydraulic oil tank, clean and check the turbocharger, check the generator, starter motor, check the engine valve clearance (and adjust), check the shock absorber.

7. Maintenance above 4000H

Increase the inspection of the water pump every 4000H, and increase the replacement of hydraulic oil every 5000H.

8. Long-term storage

When the excavator is stored for a long time, in order to prevent the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder from rusting, the working device should be placed on the ground, the whole machine should be cleaned and dried, and then stored in a dry indoor environment. Park the machine on a well-drained concrete floor, fill up the fuel tank before storage, lubricate all parts, replace hydraulic oil and engine oil, apply a thin layer of butter to the exposed metal surface of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, remove the negative terminal of the battery, Or remove the battery and store it separately, add an appropriate proportion of antifreeze to the cooling water according to the lowest ambient temperature, start the engine once a month and operate the machine to lubricate the moving parts, charge the battery at the same time, turn on the air conditioner and run it for 5-10 minutes.

Excavator mailbox dirt removal method:

1. Purging method

That is to keep part of the diesel in the fuel tank, and then pass the compressed air of 19.6-29.4KPa into the bottom of the fuel tank through a plastic pipe to make the diesel churn for cleaning, and constantly change the position and direction of the lower end of the air pipe to clean the entire fuel tank. Immediately after purging, the diesel oil in the fuel tank is released, and the impurities suspended in the oil flow out with the diesel oil. If the outflowing diesel oil is dirty, use the above method to clean it again until the outflowing oil is free of impurities.

2. Steam method

Drain the diesel oil, remove the fuel tank, then fill half of the tank of water into the diesel tank, and guide the steam into the water from the filler port to make the water in the diesel tank boil for about 1H. In this way, the colloid and residual diesel molecules adhering to the inner wall of the tank can be dissolved in water. Lightweight dirt floats to the surface and is washed away. In this way twice in a row, the diesel tank can be rinsed clean.

3. Solvent method

Clean the diesel tank of the excavator with hot water, then blow it dry with compressed air to remove the diesel vapor inside, and finally put the diesel tank into an aqueous solution containing 10% sodium hydroxide for immersion. Rinse the inside and outside of the diesel tank with clean water after soaking. If any rust is found on the outside, clean it with a wire brush.